共享经济平台从业者劳动关系认定的国际比较及启示

An International Comparison and Enlightenment of the Sharing Economy Platform Practitioners' Labor Relations Identification

摘要:

随着共享经济在全球范围内崛起，共享经济服务提供者人数不断增加，平台从业者劳动关系问 题受到广泛关注。世界各国基于“控制论”或“从属论”的思路，建立了以“二元论”或“三分法”为基础的 劳动关系认定体系。研究对比分析了不同国家劳动关系判定的法律标准及其在平台从业者劳动关系认定中的应 用，并在典型国家案例分析的基础上，进一步比较了 “二元论”和“三分法”判定平台从业者劳动关系的效果。 研究认为，劳动关系须以人格从属性为本质，不可因规模有限的新兴就业形态而轻言改变。

Abstract:

With the global rise of the sharing economy and its increasing number of service providers, the labor relations of platform practitioners have received widespread attention. Based on the idea of "cybernetics“ or "subordination theory", countries worldwide have set up a labor relationship identification system based on "dualism" or "trisection". This research comparatively analyzes the legal standards of labor relations judgement in different countries and its application in the identification of the labor relations of platform practitioners. Based on the case analysis of sampled countries, it further compares the "dualism" and "trisection” judgement platform practitioners' effects of the labor relationship. The study posits that the labor relationship should be based on personality subordination, and cannot be changed lightly due to the emerging employment forms within the limited scale.