代际支持、社会网络对老年人生活质量的影响 ——基于老化态度的中介效应分析

Impacts of Intergenerational Support and Social Network on the Life Quality of the Elderly ——An Analysis of the Mediation Effect Based on Aging Attitudes

摘要:

促进家庭代际赡养，营造适合老年人互动的社会环境，激励老年人形成积极的老化态度，以更 好地提高老年人生活质量，对于老年人、家庭和社会都具有重要意义。本研究基于中国老年社会追踪调查 (CLASS) 2014 年的数据，探讨代际支持、社会网络对老年人生活质量的影响，同时从老化态度层面分析代际支持、社会 网络在对老年人生活质量影响过程中的中介机制。实证结果表明：子女给予的经济支持、生活照料和精神慰藉 等均可以提高老年人生活满意度，其中尤以精神慰藉支持更为重要；老年人积极的社会参与和互动也能够显著 提高自身的生活满意度；子女的经济支持、精神慰藉和老年人的社会互动还有助于老年人形成积极的老化态度， 进而间接提高其生活满意度。

Abstract:

Promoting family intergenerational support, creating a social environment suitable for the interaction of the elderly, and motivating the elderly to form a positive aging attitude to better improve their quality of life are of great signifi cance to the elderly, the family, and the society. Based on data of the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey ( CLASS ) in 2014, this study explores the impact of intergenerational support and social networks on the quality of life of the elderly, and at the same time analyzes, from the perspective of aging attitudes, the intermediary mechanism of the impact of intergenerational support and social networks on the quality of life of the elderly. The empirical results show that the fi nancial support, life care, and spiritual comfort provided by children can improve the life satisfaction of the elderly. Of them, the spiritual comfort support is more important, which can signifi cantly improve the life satisfaction of the elderly. The elderly's positive social participation and interaction can also substantially improve their life satisfaction. Moreover, the economic support, spiritual comfort and social interaction of the elderly also help them set up a positive attitude towards aging. This indirectly improves their life satisfaction.