就业领域重大结构性失衡及应对研究综述

A Review of Research Views on Major Structural Imbalance in the Employment Field and Its Countermeasures

摘要:

就业结构性失衡对经济实现高质量发展带来不利影响。我国就业领域重大结构性失衡表现为城 乡间失衡、区域间失衡、产业间失衡、所有制之间失衡和技能结构失衡等。劳动力要素未能实现最优配置，究 其原因，主要可归结为经济增长模式偏向性，政府经济政策干预不当，劳动力、人才的社会性流动面临制度性 障碍等因素。研究建议，以渐进式改革推进经济增长驱动力平衡，转变经济政策的干预模式，消除阻碍劳动力、 人才社会性流动的体制机制障碍来解决就业领域结构性失衡问题。

Abstract:

The structural imbalance of employment brings about negative impacts on high-quality economic development. The major structural imbalance in the employment fi eld in our country is manifested in the imbalance of employment between urban and rural areas, inter-regional imbalance, inter-industry imbalance, imbalance between ownership, and that of the skill structure. The failure to achieve the optimal allocation of labor elements is mainly attributed to the defl ective economic growth mode, improper interventions of government economic policy, and the social mobility of labor and talents facing institutional obstacles. The research suggests that gradual reforms should be carried out to promote the balance of driving forces for economic growth, change the mode of economic policy intervention, and remove the institutional barriers that hinder the social mobility of labor and talents.