高校毕业生就业结构性失衡及应对

The Structural Imbalance in Employment of College Graduates and Its Countermeasures

摘要:

近年来，结构性失衡已成为高校毕业生就业的主要矛盾，突出表现在市场供需不匹配、区域结构 性矛盾、公共就业服务供需矛盾、性别差异等方面。其根源主要在于产业转型升级创造高端岗位的速度远低于高 校毕业生的增速，区域性发展不平衡，以及专业设置的刚性和传统思想根深蒂固等。研究认为，可以采取协同推 进产业转型、建立市场导向的专业设置机制、推进专业化效能化精准就业服务、加强社会心理辅导等措施，来化 解这一结构性失衡问题。

Abstract:

In recent years, structural imbalance has become the main contradiction in the employment of college graduates. It is prominently manifested in aspects of the mismatch of market supply and demand, regional structural contradictions, public employment service supply and demand contradictions, and gender differences, etc. The root cause is that the rate of industrial transformation and upgrading to create high-end jobs is much lower than the growth rate of college graduates, as well as factors of unbalanced regional development, the rigidity of professional settings, and deep-rooted traditional ideas. The study posits that measures such as coordinated promotion of industrial transformation, establishment of a market-oriented professional setting mechanism, promotion of professional and effi cient precise employment services, and strengthening of social psychological counseling should be taken to resolve this structural imbalance.