平台经济下网约工集体劳动权行使机制革新探讨

The Reform of the Collective Labor Rights Exercise Mechanism for Online Workers under the Platform Economy

摘要:

平台经济对网约工集体劳动权的行使提出了挑战。集体劳动权行使机制形成于大工业时代，工 会会员资格与劳动关系结合紧密。平台经济颠覆了企业传统用工方式，网约工面临“劳动者”身份认定困境， 既难以加入企业工会，又难以通过基层行业工会与跨区域经营的平台企业进行集体协商。研究认为，面对平台 经济引发的挑战，有必要破除劳动关系“迷思”，将网约工纳入“生存权”进路下的“职工”范畴，为其组建 或批准跨区域的高层级行业工会，探索与平台企业开展集体协商的方式，以工会治理现代化回应网约工集体劳 动权保护需求。

Abstract:

The platform economy poses a challenge to the exercise of collective labor rights for online workers. The mechanism for the exercise of collective labor rights was set up in the era of large-scale industry, in which union membership was closely integrated with labor relations. The platform economy has overturned the traditional employment methods of enterprises. However, online workers are facing the dilemma of identifi cation of laborers. It is diffi cult for them to join enterprise trade unions and to negotiate collectively with platform enterprises operating across regions through the grassroots trade unions. The study insists that, in the face of the challenges posed by the platform economy, it is necessary to break the myth of labor relations by including online workers in the category of employees, establishing or approving cross-regional high-level industries trade unions for them, exploring ways to conduct collective consultations with platform companies, and responding to the demands of online workers for collective labor rights protection with the modernization of union governance.