新冠肺炎疫情下的失业情况、失业率修正及就业保障

Research into Unemploymet, Unemploymet Rate Correction and Employment Security under the COVID-19 Epidemic Situation

摘要:

新冠肺炎疫情对世界各国的就业市场造成了严重冲击，导致各国的劳动参与率在疫情中普遍出现 明显下滑和附加性劳动力效应失效，使得本次疫情中的失业率统计对失业的真实程度严重低估。通过中国与部分 国家疫情期间的失业情况比较，本研究发现：政府的保就业政策、企业的社会责任以及疫情的成功应对是我国就 业情况在如此严重的疫情冲击下总体保持平稳的主要原因，而对“抗疫情“和“保经济“的关系理解和处理的不 同是国家间疫情应对效果差异的思想根源之一。后疫情时期，我国结构性就业压力较大，本研究建议：保就业仍 是首要任务，需加强对失业的监测统计，完善社会保障体系，力日强非正规就业、灵活就业模式的劳动保障。

Abstract:

The COVID-19 epidemic has caused a serious impact on the world job markets, leading to a significant decline in labor participation rates in all countries during the epidemic and the failure of additional labor effects, making the unemployment rate statistics in this epidemic seriously underestimated. By comparing the unemployment situation in China and those of other countries, this study finds that the government1 s employment policy, corporate social responsibility, and successful response to the epidemic are the root reasons why China's employment rate has remained stable under such a severe epidemic situation. The difference in understanding and handling the relationship between nanti-epidemicn and “preserving the economy1' among countries is one of ideological roots in the effectiveness of response to the epidemic. In the post-epidemic period, China，s structural employment pressure is relatively high, whilst securing employment remains the top priority. The following measures, thus, should be taken such as strengthening unemployment monitoring and statistics, improving the social security system, and strengthening labor security for informal employment and flexible employment models.