促进高校毕业生就业对策研究观点述评

A Review of Research Perspectives on Strategies to Promote Employment of College Graduates

摘要:

受新冠疫情等多重因素影响，高校毕业生就业形势越发严峻。本研究在梳理高校毕业生就业相 关理论的基础上，从毕业地、高校类型、学科及家庭因素等方面对高校毕业生就业现状进行了总结。研究认为， 高校毕业生就业存在的主要问题有劳动力需求收缩、就业稳定性变差、“慢就业”现象升温及就业歧视加剧等， 原因主要是劳动力市场就业结构性失衡、用人单位适合毕业生的岗位稀缺、高校毕业生就业能力不足及就业服 务缺乏针对性等。研究建议，为改变高校毕业生就业现状，应完善促进就业创业政策，加强就业服务和权益保障， 建立健全教育与就业的联动机制，提高高校就业工作实效性，同时毕业生也应顺应变化转变观念，制定职业规划， 培育就业能力。

Abstract:

Under the impacts of multiple factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the employment situation for college graduates has become increasingly severe. This study, on the basis of sorting out the relevant theories about the employment of college graduates, summarizes the current employment situation from aspects of graduation places for college graduates, university types, their majors and family factors. The study fi nds that the main problems of college graduates' employment are current shrinking demand for labor, worsened job stability, increased "slow employment" phenomenon, and aggravated employment discrimination. The main causes for the above problems are the structural imbalance of employment of the labor market, scarcity of suitable job-positions of employers, insuffi cient employment skills of college graduates, and lack of targeted employment services, etc. To change the current employment situation of college graduates, the study suggests that promoting employment and entrepreneurship polices, strengthening employment services and rights protection, establishing a linkage mechanism between education and employment, and increasing the effectiveness of employment work in colleges and universities. At the same time, college graduates should also adapt to changes by changing their minds, making career plans, and improving their skills of employment.