灵活就业流动人口就业质量与居留意愿研究

Research into Employment Quality and Residency Intentions of Floating Population in Flexible Employment

摘要:

灵活就业已成为就业增收的重要渠道，促进流动人口中的灵活就业者实现高质量就业对城市人 力资本集聚有重要意义。研究利用 2017 年中国流动人口动态监测调查（CMDS）数据测度灵活就业流动人口就 业质量，并探究其对居留意愿的影响。研究发现：不同受教育水平、不同行业和不同地区的灵活就业流动人口 的就业质量均小于有固定雇主的标准就业流动人口的就业质量；灵活就业流动人口就业质量的提升会显著增加 其居留意愿；同时，减少对灵活就业流动人口的“身份歧视”、降低买房困难、增加技能培训及地区互联网经 济的发展亦可间接增加其居留意愿。研究建议：应提升互联网经济的发展水平，建立更为完善的公共就业服务 体系，提高灵活就业流动人口的当地社保参保率，降低其在当地的买房困难，以提升灵活就业流动人口的就业 质量，进而增加其居留意愿。

Abstract:

Flexible employment has become an important channel to increase income and employment, and promoting high-quality employment for fl oating population in fl exible employment plays a key role in accumulating human capital. This study, using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey data, measures the employment quality of fl oating population in fl exible employment and explores its impact on their residency intentions. The study found that the employment quality of fl oating population in fl exible employment with different education levels, in different industries and regions is lower than that of fl oating population of standard employment with fi xed employers. Employment quality improving of fl oating population in fl exible employment will signifi cantly increase their residency intentions. Moreover, reducing identity discrimination upon migrant workers in fl exible employment, lowering their diffi culty in buying condo, increasing their training skills, and developing local Internet economies can indirectly increase their residency intentions. The research suggests that the development level of the Internet economy should be improved, a more complete public employment service system should be established, the local social security participation rate of the fl exible employment fl oating population should be improved, and the diffi culty of buying condo should be reduced, so as to improve the employment quality of the fl exible employment fl oating population and increase their residence intention.