何谓“教育与生产劳动相结合”? ——从列宁对民粹派“农庄中学”计划的批判谈起

On "the Integration of Education and Productive Labor" —— A Discussion from Lenin's Critique of the Populists' "Rural School" Plan.

摘要:

列宁通过批判民粹派“农庄中学”以劳动偿还学费的空想计划，揭示了教育与生产劳动相结合 的科学内涵。列宁指出，这一原则是马克思主义关于现代化大工业生产条件下实现人的解放和全面自由发展的 唯一方法，对于社会进步和个体发展都具有重要意义。结合苏维埃俄国的实际国情，列宁将实施综合技术教育 作为贯彻这一原则的具体措施。列宁关于教育与生产劳动相结合的思想，对于新时代开展劳动教育具有重要的 指导意义。因此，需要结合时代发展的新特征，探讨这一思想对于正确理解劳动教育、推进职业教育事业改革、 探索新时代教育与生产劳动相结合的多种形式等方面的现实启示。

Abstract:

Lenin's critique on the populists' "Rural School" plan suggests repayment of tuition through labor, which reveals the scientific connotation of the integration of education and productive labor. He points out that this principle is the only way for Marxism to achieve human liberation and comprehensive development under the conditions of modern industrial production, and it holds significant meaning for both social progress and individual development. Considering the actual conditions of Soviet Russia, Lenin implements comprehensive technical education as a concrete measure to apply this principle. Lenin's thoughts on the integration of education and productive labor have significant guiding implications for conducting labor education in the new era. Hence, it is essential to explore how this idea relates to correctly understanding labor education, advancing reforms in vocational education, and exploring various forms of integrating education with productive labor in light of the new characteristics of contemporary development.