新《公司法》下企业民主管理的制度展开

The Institutional Development of Democratic Corporate Governance under China's New Company Law

摘要:

企业民主管理是职工参与企业管理、行使民主权利的重要途径。2023年新修订的《公司法》规定通过职工代表大会或者其他形式实行民主管理，构建了企业民主管理的基本框架，但尚未明确其在公司治理结构内的制度定位与具体展开。依照《公司法》推动企业民主管理融入公司治理结构，一是需要厘清职工代表大会与公司治理机构的关系，明确职工代表大会作为公司决定特定事项时的前置性程序；二是在面临不再设置职工监事的情形下，更须明确至少有1名职工代表进入董事会或监事会的规定，细化职工董事、职工监事的具 体设置；三是加强跨部门法沟通，将《劳动法》《工会法》等其他法规规定的厂务公开等制度归入“其他形式”中。如此，才能形成全面、完整的民主管理制度体系，实现推动现代企业制度完善、促进企业可持续发展、发展基层民主以及构建和谐劳动关系的制度目标

Abstract:

The system of democratic corporate governance serves as a vital channel for employees to participate in enterprise management and exercise their democratic rights. The newly revised Company Law in 2023 stipulates that democratic management is to be implemented through employee representative assemblies or other forms, establishing a basic framework for democratic management. However, it does not specify its institutional position and detailed implementation within the corporate governance structure. To integrate democratic management into company governance following the Company Law, three aspects need to be clarifi ed. First, the relationship between the employee representative assembly and company governance bodies must be defi ned, with an emphasis on the assembly as a procedural prerequisite for company decisions on specifi cmatters; second, in the absence of employee supervisors, regulations must be specifi ed for at least one employee representative to enter the board of directors or the supervisory board, detailing the positions of employee directors and supervisors; third, cross-departmental communication should be strengthened, incorporating provisions from other laws such as the Labor Law and Trade Union Law regarding factory affairs disclosure into "other forms". This comprehensive complete democratic management system aims to enhance modern enterprise systems, promote sustainable enterprise development, foster grassroots democracy, and build harmonious relations.