算法控制工时机制下平台从业者休息权的实现 ：困境、归因与制度优化

Implementation of the Right to Rest under Algorithmic Hour Control Mechanisms for Platform: Challenges, Causes, and System Optimization

摘要:

从定位上看，算法控制工时机制是一种面向平台从业者的人力资源管理方式。但其暴露出尚需完善之处，包括对工时进行的不正当压缩、缺乏应有的透明度以及可能带来歧视等问题。分析算法控制工时机 制对平台从业者休息权的实现造成困境的原因，包括国家义务介入的不足、用人单位保护义务履行的不足以及企业社会责任承担的不足。平台从业者休息权的实现应放在可制度化的规则上面：一方面，认识到算法控制工时机制存在的必要性，明确其法律性质，加强算法控制工时机制的公开，细化相关规则。另一方面，不对平台从业者的最长工时作出限制性规定，转变思路，探讨将必要的宽放时间认定为工作时间的可行性，并将修正的工时认定法律规则嵌入算法控制工时机制中。

Abstract:

Globally, the rise and development of digital platform work present both opportunities and signifi cant challenges to traditional labor regulations. The International Labor Organization (ILO) has included the formulation of labor standards for decent work in the platform economy in the agenda for the 113th International Labor Conference in 2026. This study provides a comprehensive background for China's participation in the development of international labor standards from both international and domestic perspectives, discussing the challenges posed by platform economy and the ILO 's systematic efforts to promote decent labor standards in platform work, and protection of the rights and interests of workers in new forms of employment in China as well. The current study points out that the ILO's decent work framework is a systematic approach to addressing labor issues within the platform economy and that an initial outline of labor standards for the platform work has been drawn. The study emphasizes that China should seize the opportunity to actively engage in this standard-setting process to enhance its voice within the ILO. In this process, the three parties in China (government, employers' organizations, and trade unions), along with policymakers and researchers, should promote global labor governance in the platform economy to better protect China's development interests and demonstrate a responsible image as amajor country.